Teresa+S


 * Agriculture in Han China and Imperial Rome**

Jon Deer is a farmer and equipment salesman who wants to travel back in time to visit either Han China or Imperial Rome. Mr. Deer raises cattle and grain on his highly mechanized 5000 acre ranch and spends much of his time managing his equipment dealership, "Tri-County Tractor." To help him decide which dynasty to visit, you will need to research answers to the following key questions:

= **Key Questions:** =
 * 1) What were the major crops grown in each area?
 * 2) Which animals were domesticated and raised as a food source?
 * 3) Describe the agricultural tools used by each dynasty and the role that human labor played in maintaining a stable food supply.
 * 4) What challenges did each group face? Were they overcome?
 * 5) Which empire should Mr. Deer, a farmer and equipment salesman, visit? Why?

=Resources= Your research will be confined to the following web resources and library databases. If you wish to use a resource not on this list you must seek approval from your teacher.

**Rome**
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 * China **
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 * __ [|http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/CHEMPIRE/FORMHAN.HTM] __
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 * Library Databases **
 * @http://www.micdslibrary.com/databases.html

Scroll down to the History/Social Studies menu; the ABCCLIO Ancient World History database is particularly helpful.

=Research and Citations= Use the space below to record your research for each question. Remember that you will need to cite your sources using the format found on the MICDS Library resource page.

What were the major crops grown in each area?
Han China: There were many crops grown in China. The main crop was rice. Rice in China is very essential to their every day life in the south. It is also used it many foods. Other crops that the Hahn dynasty grew were cabbage, peas, and bamboo shoots were grown. The people of Han China also ate millet. They also had bread, and it was made out of wheat so they must have grown wheat as well. The wheat was founded in west Asia. Herbs were also used of tea. The people of the Hahn dynasty must have grown many different types of herbs to make many different types of teas. Also in China there were two main rivers that the Hahn dynasty was located the Yellow river and the Chang Jiang. These two rivers provided lots of fertilization for their crops. The Yellow river also was called the Yellow river because of it's silt. Silt is fine sand, clay or other material that is carried by other running water. The silt especially was very good for the crops because it provided a lot of nutrients. The people of the ancient Hahn dynasty had very diverse crops and great nutrition for their crops in their life.

Imperial Rome: In ancient Rome their crops were a big part of their life and their every day life. In Rome one of the main crops that they grew was wheat. In all of the meals throughout the day wheat was served. The poor and the rich would eat bread. The rich would not only eat bread by its self but it would be served with other things like, honey, fruit, olives, cheese and vegetables. On the other hand the poor would only eat bread, it was not served with any special food. Though for unique occasions they might eat bread but with other food as well. When growing crops in Rome it mainly depended on where they where grown and the climate, for example if the weather supported the soil there would be fruit trees and vegetables grown. The crops grown were also divided into three main groups, Cultivated Crops, Eastern Mediterranean, and Staple Crops. The Cultivated Crops consisted of beans, vegetables, and wheat, but in orchards they provided apples, cherries, figs, and plums. The Eastern Mediterranean crops were almonds, lemons, peaches, pomegranates, and walnuts. These crops were in the Eastern Mediterranean and when the power spread into Rome they were imported there. Lastly the Staple Crops were extremely important to Rome And they grew olives and grapes. In Rome their crops were so very important to them that they would praise it and cherish it, this is jut one example of how important food was to Rome.

Which animals were domesticated and raised as a food source?
Han China: In Hahn China there were a good amount of animals that were domesticated. There was a very large variety of animals domesticated. Birds were one of the main groups. There were chickens, ducks, geese and also owls. Other animals raised were camels, pigs, rabbits, and also deer. This type of deer was the Sika deer and it was native to the eastern part of Asia. Dogs, turtle doves, fish and cows were other animals that were raised as a food source. The cows also did not serve only one purpose, they were also used to work in the fields with the oxen. Many animals of the animals were not used for food or working in the fields but so were kept as pets. These animals were domesticated as well. In Hahn China the animals that were domesticated were used for many different reasons like eating, working, and having as pets, but in the end they were all put to use.

Imperial Rome: In Rome the foods that they ate were very important to them and served them in many different ways. In Rome the main animals that were domesticated were birds. There were regular birds, wild birds, and special occasion birds. For every day use the Romans would eat mostly chicken, duck, geese, rabbit and they would also have pigeon. There were also five wild brid that they domesticated. They were cranes, wild geese, partridge, snipe and lastly woodcock. Their special occasion birds would consist of peacocks and flamingos. Another special food that was not a bird was giraffe. Horses, boars and cows were also domesticated animals. The cow was not used for its beef but for milk and other dairy products. Also a boar is sort of like a very large pig or hog that also had horns. Raising animals and domesticating them meant a lot to the Romans and helped them through their life..

=== Describe the agricultural tools used by each dynasty and the role that human labor played in maintaining a stable food supply. === Han China: In China the land that the people lived on was very rocky and and hard to live on but when tools came along it made all the difference. Most of the tools in Han China were made of either stone, wood or iron. Iron was the most advanced product for making tools. There were two tools that were created that were a very large advancement. They were a three legged drill and a plow. The drill would create spaces in the ground that provided places to plant crops and other foods. While the plow would cut through the Earth and turn it making it easier to use the drill. The Chinese people also had problems with rivers over flowing so they created levees and dams. To transport water from the rivers the created canals. All of these tools made life easier for the people in Han China. With all of these tools China just kept advancing and becoming a better place to live.

Imperial Rome: In Rome food was very important to them and when they found out about tools it made all the difference. In Rome the different soils that had consisted of different tools. The soils were light soil and tough soil. For the lighter soil the Romans would mainly just use one certain type of hoe. This hoe had many different types of blades to cut different things. Tougher soil was really only cut with shovels. The tougher soils were also worked on by plows. These plows were very very simple but amazingly strong. They were able to cut or brake roots or veins and they were hauled by oxen. They also built very large type mowers. To control the water the Romans built dams and reservoirs. To transport water they would build canals. With all of the tools that they made it made growing crops, farming and over all their life much more comfortable than it was before.

What challenges did each group face? Were they overcome?
Han China: There were many problems that the people of China had to over come but in the end they did and thats all that matters. There were many problems like farming and irrigation problems. Another challenge that they faced were tools. The people of this time had to face living life with out any tools to help them farm and grow crops. When the Chinese figured out what to do it made all the difference. When trying to farm the people had to use their hands to dig until they found out that they could use a plow. Flooding and irrigation was also a big issue. The rivers would flood many times and kill people or over flow their crops. The people decided to try dams, reservoirs and canals. They also built dams. All of the problems they faces lead to more and more advancements. At times things could get out of hand and something could go wrong but in the end the people found out how to over come their problems and make the best of it.

Imperial Rome: In Rome the problems that they faced were hard to over come and at times were brutal but Rome ended up to be a great place and will be remembered fro years to come. Weather was a big problem in Rome. When the people had to grow their crops a big storm would come and mess everything up. But the people did find a way to overcome the problem, they made their crops stronger and kept a close eye on them as well. Flooding from the ocean and rivers was a huge problem as well. This would also ruin their crops and flood their houses. The Romans built dams, reservoirs, and canals. This helped control their water problem. Lastly the Punic wars were very devestating. The Punic wars were in between Rome and Carthage. Carthage won one and Rome won the other two. Many times families were separated, people were killed and it was very brutal. By over coming this Rome won the wars and lived on. Rome was a very strong place and overcame many problems and is still a place remembered today.

Similarities and Differences
Before deciding which dynasty your client should visit, you may wish to create a simple Venn Diagram to compare/contrast the two empires. You may use [|this template] or create one online at Read-Write-Think.

Which empire should Mr. Deer, a farmer and equipment salesman, visit? Why?
Rome and China were to very great places and still are but if I had to recommend one to Mr.Deer I would say China. China had great crops and food. Also all of the work that was put into to build levees, dams, canals and other irrigation solutions. All of these helped them get through flooding a deaths. Also all the tools that they made that helped to feed their family. Also to plant crops. For example,the drill and the plow. All of these achievements lead to a great empire and a great place to live. Domesticating animals was very hard to do. But the people over came that too. I also think Mr. Deer should go to China because it has more of what he likes. There are two things that Mr.Deer raises and in China they were raises too. Han China is also more interesting and I truthfully thing that Mr. Jon Deer is a very interesting and out going person, so China will have a larger impact on Mr. Deer. With all of the things that Han China has Han will be more visually interesting. So with all of the pride that Han China was building up over time came together to tell Mr. Deer that he does deserve to see a amazing environment full of culture and life. = **Travel Poster Components:** =

You will create a travel poster for each of the two empires. Each poster should be attractive, persuasive, and highlight the major features related to your topic. You will create the posters using Glogster.edu (instructions will be provided in class) and they should contain the following components:

__**Travel Poster Components**__
 * 1) One Glogster.edu poster for each dynasty
 * 2) At least three "must see" tourist features with detailed text and relevant images for each dynasty
 * 3) At least one audio recording on each poster

The **[|Poster Rubric]** will be used to evaluate your work; you should refer to it before handing in your final product. When you have completed the poster, embed it below the "Travel Poster" heading below:

Travel Posters
//embed your posters here by copying the embed code from Glogster and adding an HTML widget//

= **Oral Presentation Guidelines** = The oral presentation is your opportunity to share your posters, explain whether your client should visit Han China or the Roman Empire, and should follow these guidelines:
 * 1) Less than three minutes in length
 * 2) Should address/explain the "must see" features of each dynasty
 * 3) Should explain which destination the client should visit and why

This presentation is about speaking skills and the use of your posters. You will be permitted to use notecards but are NOT to simply read your notes to the audience. The **[|Presentation Rubric]** will be used to evaluate your work; you should refer to it before giving your final presentation.