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 * Social Structure in Han China and Imperial Rome**

Paris Hyatt is a report for Gossip Magazine and keenly interested in the social structure of Han Dynasty China and Imperial Rome. Ms. Hyatt lives in a gated community far from the city, supports several local charities, and is addicted to watching the E! channel. To help her decide which dynasty to visit, you will need to research answers to the following key questions:

= **Key Questions:** =
 * 1) How were the social structures broken down in the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire
 * 2) Describe and explain the types of jobs within each social structure?
 * 3) What was life like in each social class? Describe the family life? Could people move from one social class to the next very easily?
 * 4) How were women and slaves treated in the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire?
 * 5) What was education like for all people in the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire?
 * 6) Which empire should Ms. Hyatt, a reporter for //Gossip Magazine//, visit? Why?

=Resources= Your research will be confined to the following web resources and library databases. If you wish to use a resource not on this list you must seek approval from your teacher.

**Rome**
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 * China **
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 * __ [|http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/CHEMPIRE/FORMHAN.HTM] __
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 * Library Databases **
 * @http://www.micdslibrary.com/databases.html

Scroll down to the History/Social Studies menu; the ABCCLIO Ancient World History database is particularly helpful.

=Research and Citations= Use the space below to record your research for each question. Remember that you will need to cite your sources using the format found on the MICDS Library resource page.

How were the social structures broken down in the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire
__**Han China**__: __Labeled from highest to lowest:__ -Emperor- -Landlords- -Craftsmen- -merchant- -peasant-

__**Imperial Rome**__: __Labeled from highest to lowest__:

-The Emperor- -Senators- -Equestrians- -Plebians- -Latins- -Foreigners- -Freedmen- -Slaves-

__**Han China:**__
Emperor- Ruler of whole empire Landlords- land owners; rented out land Craftsmen- artists merchants- store owners peasants- farmers __**Imperial Rome:**__ Emperor- The ruler of the whole empire Senators- Senators Equestrians- Higher than lower class; lower class can be moved up to equestrians Plebians- lowest freeborn roman citizens Latins- Freeborn Italians; not full citizens Foreigners- Freeborn people in Roman territories Freedmen- slaves who bought freedom; didn't have full rights; not fully free Slaves- Slaves

What was life like in each social class? Describe the family life? Could people move from one social class to the next very easily?
__**Han China:**__ At that time, numerous different schools enrolled the students. The most famous one was the confucianism and its leader confucious was seen as the founder of education for the masses. One of his saying was //provide education to all people with out discrimination//. Another wa//s teach according to the students abbility.// The different schools were often organized into political entities to gain social influence.

In the 200's BC, Qin Shing Haung favored Legalism ,and regarded others useless, so he carried out the burning of confucianism. It was one major setback for Chinese education. Not many people were allowed to go to school in China and the girls were thought to be useless, so they stayed at home doing housework. Emperor Wu liked Confucianism and made it as the national education. The imperial examination began at 605 and the educational system for Chinese empire was final modeled until the destruction in 1905, and replaced by modern Western Education. During that time art school appeared in early 8th century, and in 1178 national military school was set up. Because of examination private schools did good. The invention of paper greatly boosted the educational industry. Following the defeat of the Chinese empire in the Opium Wars, modern western education was eagerly sought out in the domains of foreign languages, national defence, and new techniques of industrial production.

__**Imperial Rome:**__ The emperor always was the one and only person who had political power in Rome at the time of the empire. The very first Roman emperor was Octavian Augustus Caesar, the grandnephew of Juluis Caesar, a famous Roman General, and first Roman Dictator for life.

Wealthy romans lived good lives away from the smell and noise from the city. They had many slaves and servants to do whatever they wanted. They also had luxurious furniture and had tons of money. They also held dinner parties for other rich people and served really rare and expensive food to serve their guests. their houses were always really big beautiful houses on the outside hills of the roman cities.

Poor romans had it completely different compared to the rich and wealthy. they lived in the jam packed streets of the city. They lived in tiny beat up apartments that could burn, collapse and get destroyed at any moment. If times were really hard they had to abandon newborn babies on the street and hope that someone would adopt them to be a servant or slave.

The rich and poor still had things in common. The man of the house always the head of the household. Although the woman kept up the household the man controlled it. The man also controlled who the children would marry.

How were women and slaves treated in the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire?
__**Han China:**__ Only Royal women were important in ancient Chinese society. For example the empress dowage (former empress; emperor's mother) sometimes even held more power than the emperor himself. The empress dowage controlled politics too. __**Imperial Rome:**__ Women in Rome wore long togas like men. They always wore jewelry, makeup and always fixed their hair to look good. Women didn't work, they were expected to stay home, take care of the house, children and other stuff while the men were at work. A wealthy woman would stay home during the day to plan a party or something, while a poor woman would have to work all day in the fields with her husband.

What was education like for all people in the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire?
__**Han China:**__ One of the Han emperors (Emperor Wudi), around 100 CE, agreed with Confucius that education was the key to good government. He started a system of public schools, for boys only, taught by Confucian teachers. The teachings of Confucius were nationally honored. Schools were set up in each providence. There was a major school, called the Grand School, in the capital. In the beginning, only 50 students were allowed to study at the Grand School. In less than 100 years, enrollment at the Grand School was over 30,000 students. __**Imperial Rome:**__ Roman boys were tutored by their dad or if lucky a well educated slave until they were six or seven then they went to school.Elementary and grammar schools were open to anyone. Fees were low, varying from three dollars a year for an elementary pupil to five or six times as much for a grammar-school student, varying according to the qualifications of the master and supplemented by little gifts from students. Attendance were not compulsory, and the schools had nothing to do with the government. No distinction was made between the upper class children and those of lower classes. Pupils were mostly boys. Teachers were usually freedman, so the position was not considered honorable. Elementary schools taught only reading, writing (pupils wrote capital letters - lower case did not yet exist - using wax tablets and a //stylus//, or pointed piece of wood, bone, or metal shaped like a pencil.), and arithmetic. Young men of noble and wealthy families, or those whose talents promised a brilliant future, often followed a stint at a school of rhetoric with travel and residence abroad. Favourite destinations were Greece, Rhodes, and Asia Minor. Athens offered the greatest attractions for serious study. Schools of rhetoric were formed on Greek lines and conducted by Greek teachers. They were close to our colleges. Most students were young men, usually from wealthy families. The subjects studied included the study of prose authors and sometimes of philosophy, but the main work was the practice of composition. Girls did not go to school, they stayed home to learn how to clean and take care of family.

Similarities and Differences
Before deciding which dynasty your client should visit, you may wish to create a simple Venn Diagram to compare/contrast the two empires. You may use [|this template] or create one online at Read-Write-Think.

Which empire should Ms. Hyatt, a reporter for //Gossip Magazine//, visit? Why?
I think Paris Hyatt should go to the Han Dynasty because the classes are divided more equally. Another reason is that women are treated more equally

= **Travel Poster Components:** =

You will create a travel poster for each of the two empires. Each poster should be attractive, persuasive, and highlight the major features related to your topic. You will create the posters using Glogster.edu (instructions will be provided in class) and they should contain the following components:

__**Travel Poster Components**__
 * 1) One Glogster.edu poster for each dynasty
 * 2) At least three "must see" tourist features with detailed text and relevant images for each dynasty
 * 3) At least one audio recording on each poster

The **[|Poster Rubric]** will be used to evaluate your work; you should refer to it before handing in your final product. When you have completed the poster, embed it below the "Travel Poster" heading below:

Travel Posters
//embed your posters here by copying the embed code from Glogster and adding an HTML widget//

= **Oral Presentation Guidelines** = The oral presentation is your opportunity to share your posters, explain whether your client should visit Han China or the Roman Empire, and should follow these guidelines:
 * 1) Less than three minutes in length
 * 2) Should address/explain the "must see" features of each dynasty
 * 3) Should explain which destination the client should visit and why

This presentation is about speaking skills and the use of your posters. You will be permitted to use notecards but are NOT to simply read your notes to the audience. The **[|Presentation Rubric]** will be used to evaluate your work; you should refer to it before giving your final presentation.