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 * Agriculture in Han China and Imperial Rome**

Jon Deer is a farmer and equipment salesman who wants to travel back in time to visit either Han China or Imperial Rome. Mr. Deer raises cattle and grain on his highly mechanized 5000 acre ranch and spends much of his time managing his equipment dealership, "Tri-County Tractor." To help him decide which dynasty to visit, you will need to research answers to the following key questions:

= **Key Questions:** =
 * 1) What were the major crops grown in each area?
 * 2) Which animals were domesticated and raised as a food source?
 * 3) Describe the agricultural tools used by each dynasty and the role that human labor played in maintaining a stable food supply.
 * 4) What challenges did each group face? Were they overcome?
 * 5) Which empire should Mr. Deer, a farmer and equipment salesman, visit? Why?

=Resources= Your research will be confined to the following web resources and library databases. If you wish to use a resource not on this list you must seek approval from your teacher.

**Rome**
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 * China **
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 * __ [|http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/CHEMPIRE/FORMHAN.HTM] __
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 * Library Databases **
 * @http://www.micdslibrary.com/databases.html

Scroll down to the History/Social Studies menu; the ABC-CLIO Ancient World History database is particularly helpful.

=Research and Citations= Use the space below to record your research for each question. Remember that you will need to cite your sources using the format found on the MICDS Library resource page.

What were the major crops grown in each area?
Han China: They mainly grew of rice and planted lots vegetables in their big fields. For the rice they grew them in paddy fields. Paddy fields are a flooded growing area where special crops like rice and some others are grown.

Imperial Rome: The Romans didn't grow a lot of crops but they did grow grain and made wine. Some people had a sugar production and beekeeping. For breakfast the average Roman would eat bread with honey or fruit. Your lunch would have consisted of bread, olives and cheese. Dinner would have been bread, fruits and vegetables. Poor people often only ate bread for their meals, while rich people ate lots of meat. The meat was usually chicken, pork or rabbit.

Which animals were domesticated and raised as a food source?
Han China: They mostly just used oxen to pull the carts. They didn't kill very many animals for food. But they did use pigs as their domesticated animal.

Imperial Rome: They used cows, goats and sheep for food and skinned the sheep to make quilts and possibly clothes. The cows gave them milk, the goats gave them cheese and the sheep's gave them wool for clothes. For breakfast the average Roman would eat bread with honey or fruit. Your lunch would have consisted of bread, olives and cheese. Dinner would have been bread, fruits and vegetables. Poor people often only ate bread for their meals, while rich people ate lots of meat. The meat was usually chicken, pork or rabbit. === Describe the agricultural tools used by each dynasty and the role that human labor played in maintaining a stable food supply. === Han China: They used oxen to pull the iron plows and a man to control it. It had three plowshares which are seed boxes for the drills. The plow would create space for seeds to go in. They used many other tools like a seed drill which is a sowing device that precisely positions seeds in the soil and then covers them. The people used to use tools made out of wood and stone until they came up with the idea to make them out of iron because it was a much stronger material and could usually last longer.They also got animals to pull them if they were heavy.

Imperial Rome: They mainly used slaves as farm workers. They were usually owned by rich people to do their farm work. But they did use something called an ard. An ard is a simple tool to plowed dirt, so you can place seeds in the place you plowed into. Sometimes they used oxen to pull it because the soil contained heavy dirt and vines.

What challenges did each group face? Were they overcome?
Han China: Well a man came up with an idea so crops wouldn't face drought or the wind wouldn't blow them over. He invented the alternating fields system. That way they could keep their crops without having to face starvation. They also faced another difficulty. The farmers invented the chain pump. The chain pump made it easier to move water from low irrigation ditches and canals up to the fields.

Imperial Rome: In the late republic era, the number of latifundia increased. Latifundia are pieces of property covering tremendous areas. They had a lot of land. that can be a good thing or a bad thing because if you have to much then other people could steal from it or destroy because it is so big, but it can be good because than you will have more space for your crops and you could sell more, which could make you more money.

Similarities and Differences
Before deciding which dynasty your client should visit, you may wish to create a simple Venn Diagram to compare/contrast the two empires. You may use [|this template] or create one online at Read-Write-Think.

Which empire should Mr. Deer, a farmer and equipment salesman, visit? Why?
= **Travel Poster Components:** =

You will create a travel poster for each of the two empires. Each poster should be attractive, persuasive, and highlight the major features related to your topic. You will create the posters using Glogster.edu (instructions will be provided in class) and they should contain the following components:

__**Travel Poster Components**__
 * 1) One Glogster.edu poster for each dynasty
 * 2) At least three "must see" tourist features with detailed text and relevant images for each dynasty
 * 3) At least one audio recording on each poster

The **[|Poster Rubric]** will be used to evaluate your work; you should refer to it before handing in your final product. When you have completed the poster, embed it below the "Travel Poster" heading below:

Travel Posters
//embed your posters here by copying the embed code from Glogster and adding an HTML widget//

== =media type="custom" key="6215735" **media type="custom" key="6215707"Oral Presentation Guidelines** = The oral presentation is your opportunity to share your posters, explain whether your client should visit Han China or the Roman Empire, and should follow these guidelines:
 * 1) Less than three minutes in length
 * 2) Should address/explain the "must see" features of each dynasty
 * 3) Should explain which destination the client should visit and why

This presentation is about speaking skills and the use of your posters. You will be permitted to use notecards but are NOT to simply read your notes to the audience. The **[|Presentation Rubric]** will be used to evaluate your work; you should refer to it before giving your final presentation.