Max+W


 * System of Government in Han China and Imperial Rome**

Buford T. Justice is a small town sheriff keenly interested in the system of government in Han Dynasty China and Imperial Rome. Mr. Justice is an active member of the National Rifle Association and captain of his Neighborhood Watch group. His election to office last year was largely the result of his popular campaign slogans, "**Just** put 'em on **ice**" and "Democracy Breeds Bureaucracy." To help him decide which dynasty to visit, you will need to research answers to the following key questions:

= **Key Questions:** =
 * 1) What types of governments existed in the Roman Empire and Han Dynasty?
 * 2) Why and how did Rome move from a republican form of government to an empire that ruled the entire Mediterranean world?
 * 3) What types of rights and freedoms did people have in both governments?
 * 4) How much influence did the military have in the Roman and Chinese governments?
 * 5) Which empire should Mr. Justice, a southern, small town sheriff, visit? Why?

=Resources= Your research will be confined to the following web resources and library databases. If you wish to use a resource not on this list you must seek approval from your teacher.

**Rome**
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 * China **
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 * __ [|http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/CHEMPIRE/FORMHAN.HTM] __
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 * Library Databases **
 * @http://www.micdslibrary.com/databases.html

Scroll down to the History/Social Studies menu; the ABCCLIO Ancient World History database is particularly helpful.

=Research and Citations= Use the space below to record your research for each question. Remember that you will need to cite your sources using the format found on the MICDS Library resource page.

What types of governments existed in the Roman Empire and Han Dynasty?

 * Han China:** There were many, very different kinds of government in the Ancient China Dynasties, but only a couple were used in the Han Dynasty. The kinds of government that existed in the Han Dynasty were, Legalism, where punishments were harsh and severe. But, labor was easier, and not as gruesome. Confucianism, was the center of government, and mostly used. Also, schools were specially built to teach Confucianism. Taoism (Daoism), were related to a variety of philosophical, and religious traditions. It means "path" or "way" "of life." And last, Bureaucracy, where the government was structured like a pyramid. A little of the people were at the top (rich), and many at the bottom (poor). The government in the Han Dynasty was very planned out, and very different.


 * Imperial Rome:** There were 3 different kinds of government (branches) in Ancient Rome. The kinds of government (branches) that existed was the Executive Branch, where there were "Consuls." They were elected for 1 year, and they were elected by the upper-class. They would supervise the army in wars, and supervise the senate. Other Executive Branch members were tax collectors, mayors, city police, and many other powerful positions in cities. The Legislative Branch, were the most powerful part of the senate. It was made up of 300 men, who would tell the Consuls what to spend, and on what. They pretty much appointed the Consuls on what to do. Then there is the Judicial Branch, was made up of 6 judges, who were elected every 2 years. They would decide the punishments for criminals. They are very similar to the judges these days.

=== Why and how did Rome move from a republican form of government to an empire that ruled the entire Mediterranean world? ===
 * Han China:** Not Applicable

- All laws to be written down, so the Patricians can't change them to benefit them - To be able to be treated equally - To be able to own land - To have food, and to be able to have a livable house There are many rules that the Plebians wanted, but these are the main ones that were met. Due to this jump in Rome, they entered their Golden Age. This also helped defeat many armies, and be able to conquer the whole entire Mediterannean World.
 * Imperial Rome:** The way that the Roman Republic moved to an Empire was very sophisticated. What happened was the Plebeians, (the poor), were tired of being treated unequally, so they rebelled. They went to a nearby hill, by Rome, and sat there until they got their way. The Patricians,(the rich), had no-one to do their dirty work, so the Patricians had to give in, and gave the Plebeians what they wanted. Scince the Plebians got their way, they wanted these rules;

What types of rights and freedoms did people have in both governments?

 * Han China:** The people of the Han Dynasty had the opportunity to flourish in many ways. They had the chance to become intellectual. They could become literate. And become artistic. They were free to do these things when ever, and they had the rights to do them. They also have any opportunity to invent what they want. They could try for any job they want, and who they were born to, and how much money they have, would not matter at all. They would let anybody work, if they had the ability. The rights and freedoms of the Han Dynasty were very open to people, and they were very well thought of.


 * Imperial Rome:** The poor men of Ancient Rome had more rights than women and slaves. They were allowed to vote, elect, punish anyone in the household to death because he was considered the owner of everything, and everyone. The women in the household had no legal rights, but had more freedom than other women in other lands. They could go to the store, divorce when men were at war too long, go to the libraries, bathe, take care of children, go the shows, visit friends,and go to temples. Men had more political rights and freedoms, and women had no political involvement. And had less freedom than men. Slaves however, were considered property, and had no rights. But, could save their money, and buy their freedom, and citizenship. If they did a good job, the masters would grant them their freedom, because they were loyal, and good services.

How much influence did the military have in the Roman and Chinese governments?

 * Han China: ** The Han military was very big. In the beginning, the military was "greedy." It was said that when you turn a certain age, you were forced to join the military. But later on in the Han Dynasty, the military was voluntary. As in, people could sign up to join the military. They were very smart at war, and were very smart in their tactics. But, other than that, the military really did not have much influence on the government, because the government controlled the military.


 * Imperial Rome:** The influence of the military on Rome was very frightening. All the warriors were citizens, and most were forced into the military. Men had to bring their own weapons to fight, and if they did not have a weapon, the would die in battle. Also, if a warrior made a mistake, even a very small mistake, they would be sentenced to death. They would train in small groups, from 7-12, and if one of them failed a lesson, the others would have to execute him. Most of the military would run the government, and the military mostly ran the empire, with an emperor.

Similarities and Differences
Before deciding which dynasty your client should visit, you may wish to create a simple Venn Diagram to compare/contrast the two empires. You may use [|this template] or create one online at Read-Write-Think.

Which empire should Mr. Justice, a southern, small town sheriff, visit? Why?
If I were you Mr. Justice, I would pack up my things and go to the Han Dynasty. You should go there because you will probably be treated better, and would probably live better, and longer. In the Han Dynasty, you would probably be able to do much more interesting things, than having to do a lot of gruesome work in Rome. Also, they have great, and nice people, and houses, so you don't have to stay in a disease filled house. Hope you enjoy The Han Dynasty!

= **Travel Poster Components:** =

You will create a travel poster for each of the two empires. Each poster should be attractive, persuasive, and highlight the major features related to your topic. You will create the posters using Glogster.edu (instructions will be provided in class) and they should contain the following components:

__**Travel Poster Components**__
 * 1) One Glogster.edu poster for each dynasty
 * 2) At least three "must see" tourist features with detailed text and relevant images for each dynasty
 * 3) At least one audio recording on each poster

The **[|Poster Rubric]** will be used to evaluate your work; you should refer to it before handing in your final product. When you have completed the poster, embed it below the "Travel Poster" heading below:

Travel Posters
//embed your posters here by copying the embed code from Glogster and adding an HTML widget//

= **Oral Presentation Guidelines** = The oral presentation is your opportunity to share your posters, explain whether your client should visit Han China or the Roman Empire, and should follow these guidelines:
 * 1) Less than three minutes in length
 * 2) Should address/explain the "must see" features of each dynasty
 * 3) Should explain which destination the client should visit and why

This presentation is about speaking skills and the use of your posters. You will be permitted to use notecards but are NOT to simply read your notes to the audience. The **[|Presentation Rubric]** will be used to evaluate your work; you should refer to it before giving your final presentation.